How to Engrave Metal – 5 Methods Explained
Wondering how to engrave metal? Want to know if there is a single technique that works for everything, or do different methods suit different projects? If you’re looking for guidance on the full range of options and want to understand the strengths and uses of each, you’ve landed in the perfect spot. Here at Salamander Fabrications, the home of expert metal fabrication services, we specialise in all things sheet metal – a common material used for engraving.
In this guide, we’ll break down the five main ways of how to engrave metal, covering both timeless hand skills and the latest machinery. We’ll explore what makes each method unique, the tools you’ll need, best practices, and what types of jobs each approach is suitable for.
1. Engraving metal by hand
Let’s start with the old faithful and the most traditional method of how to engrave metal. The classic image of an artisan at a workbench springs to mind. Hand engraving has centuries of tradition behind it and is still favoured for intricate jewellery, ceremonial objects, and one off pieces where artistry is prized over speed.
This method is best for softer metals like silver, gold, copper, and brass. It is a time consuming process that demands patience and practice. For batch production or very hard metals, other methods may be preferable. The tools you’ll need include gravers (burins), a ball vice, and sharpening stones.
Hand to engrave metal by hand
- Sketch or print your design, then transfer it onto the metal surface (using paper, acetone, or a vinyl sticker).
- Secure the metal piece in a ball vice to hold it steady.
- Select the right graver for your design and sharpen if necessary.
- Hold the graver at a roughly 45-degree angle to the metal.
- Push or glide the graver along the design, using consistent, controlled pressure to etch lines.
- Rotate the metal as needed for curves and intricate patterns.
- Brush away any debris and clean the surface after engraving.
- Apply a protective coating or lacquer if desired, especially for metals that tarnish.
Why choose hand engraving?
- Personal touch: Every mark is unique, resulting in truly individual pieces.
- Perfect for: Bespoke jewellery, commemorative items, fine art, and restoration work.
2. Laser engraving
Laser engraving is now one of the most popular ways to engrave metal in the UK and worldwide. Fast, precise, and repeatable – much like our laser cutting services – it’s the go to choice for modern industrial applications.
For this, you will of course need a laser engraving machine (fibre or diode lasers are common for metal). This method is suitable for most metals, including stainless steel, aluminium, copper, and more. The initial setup cost of running your own laser machine can be high, but running costs are generally quite low. It’s a lot more cost-effective to use a professional service that can handle your project from design through to the final product.
Laser engraving can also be utilised alongside CAD design services to help make designs better and more effective. It allows you to accurately set out what you wish to design and then implement it with high precision and speed. For more information on this, you can check out our other blog – What Are The Advantages of CAD?
How to engrave metal with lasers
- Prepare and set up your laser engraving machine according to manufacturer’s guidelines.
- Choose your metal blank and position it securely in the engraver.
- Load your digital design into the engraving software.
- Adjust laser power, speed, and other settings to suit your metal type.
- Begin engraving, following all safety precautions (eye protection, ventilation, safety screens).
- Allow the machine to complete the engraving, then remove and inspect your piece.
Why choose laser engraving?
- Speed and repeatability: Excellent for mass production and high detail work.
- Perfect for: Promotional items, signage, industrial labelling, machine parts, and complex patterns.
3. Rotary engraving with a power tool
For DIY enthusiasts or workshops that need versatility, rotary engraving with an electric tool (like a Dremel) is a practical option. This method combines the control of hand engraving with the efficiency of power tools. This method works well on most common metals, but harder metals may require specialist tool bits.
For this method, you will need your rotary tool, a range of engraving bits, clamps or a vice. Be mindful, though, the rotary tool technique is less precise than laser or CNC engraving for very fine work. You should also always wear eye protection and secure your workpiece to prevent accidents. Fine metal dust can also be produced, so consider respiratory protection or a dust extraction system too.
How to engrave metal with a rotary power tool
- Clean your metal item thoroughly with alcohol.
- Mark out your design using a vinyl sticker, transferred print, or permanent marker.
- Clamp the metal securely in place.
- Insert the appropriate engraving bit into your rotary tool (diamond bits are ideal for metal).
- Set the tool to a lower speed, increasing as needed for your metal type.
- Carefully follow your design, engraving lines with steady pressure
- Repeat for deeper marks if desired.
- Switch off the tool and brush away any metal filings or dust.
- Polish or clean the area to finish.
Why choose rotary engraving?
- Versatility: Suitable for a wide range of projects and can be done at home.
- Perfect for: Custom tools, trophies, signs, hobbyist crafts, and repairs.
4. CNC engraving
Computer Numerical Control (CNC) engraving brings automation to the process, using computer-guided tools to cut complex or repetitive designs with minimal manual effort. It uses the same CNC technology we use for our Press Brakes and Metal Folding Services.
This technique is ideal for metals such as aluminium, brass, copper, stainless steel, and many others. The tools you will need include a CNC engraving machine, various cutting bits, and the required computer software. You may also use a nylon flap or soft brush to remove burrs and sharp edges and achieve a smooth, professional finish.
This method requires investment in equipment and software, as well as programming knowledge, unless you have a professional team handle your project for you.
How to engrave metal with a CNC machine
- Securely fasten your metal workpiece onto the CNC machine bed.
- Choose the appropriate bit (diamond cutter, twist drill, or v-bit).
- Import your design into the CNC software and set your engraving parameters (depth, speed, etc.).
- Start the engraving operation and monitor progress.
- Once finished, use a nylon flap or brush to clean off any burrs or debris.
- Apply a polish or lacquer for extra shine and protection, if needed.
Why choose CNC engraving?
- Automation: Excellent for high volume production or detailed, repeatable designs.
- Perfect for: Industrial parts, machine plates, serial numbers, and complex artwork.
5. Chemical etching
The last one on our list is not technically engraving but the process is very similar and used to achieve the same results. Chemical etching is a powerful and flexible technique widely used in industry for precise, intricate designs that might be too delicate or complex for mechanical engraving. It’s used for items like circuit boards, nameplates, and fine art.
For this technique, you will need metal blanks, photoresist or acid resistant mask, etching solution (usually acid or ferric chloride), a design stencil, and protective equipment. This requires careful handling of chemicals, proper ventilation, and safety precautions. You must also always dispose of used chemicals responsibly according to local environmental regulations.
The chemical etching process
First, a design is applied to the metal using a photoresist film or acid-resistant mask—this can be as simple as hand-drawn patterns or as sophisticated as photographic transfers. The metal is then immersed in an etching solution, which eats away the exposed areas while the masked sections remain untouched. The duration of etching determines the depth of the design. Once etched, the mask is removed, and the piece is thoroughly cleaned and neutralised.
Why choose chemical etching?
- Intricate detail: Can achieve extremely fine and crisp designs, even on thin metals.
- Perfect for: Electronic components, decorative panels, labels, jewellery, and architectural features.
Discover how to engrave metal and much more with Salamander Fabrications.
If you would like some more information on our laser cutting capabilities or any of our other sheet metal fabrication services, please feel free to contact us at any time.
Our other metal fabrication techniques include:
If you’re considering a metal engraving project, looking for advice on how to engrave metal, or need expert help with laser cutting and fabrication, Salamander Fabrications has decades of experience and the right tools for the job.
Our advanced facilities, skilled workforce, and commitment to quality mean every project gets the attention to detail it deserves. We’re always happy to discuss your ideas and recommend the best approach for your idea, no matter how big or small.
Give us a call if you think we can help you on 01484 843599 or send an email to sales@salamanderfabs.com.
