What is the Difference Between CAD and CAM?
CAD and CAM technology has revolutionised product design and development around the world, and not just for metal fabricators either. All designers, inventors, innovators and machinists alike utilise this technology to:
- increase output
- create prototypes
- establish final goods
- create vast production runs
But what is the difference between CAD and CAM? Do they work together? Continue reading to find out more about what both technologies are and the difference between CAD and CAM.
What is CAD?
Before diving into the difference between CAD and CAM, let’s take a quick look into what these both are. CAD stands for Computer Aided Design. Essentially, this involves the use of computers to create 2D technical drawings and 3D models, for the design of physical products. This allows engineers and designers to create and modify model designs quickly and with an extremely high degree of accuracy. In comparison, manually drafting 2D and 3D models can be time consuming and has more opportunity for error.
The other huge benefit provided by CAD design services is the ability to modify a design as and when required, with no extra cost. Experimenting with ideas, real world simulations and different specifications has never been easier, and doesn’t involve having to manually re-build prototypes. Simply modify your design using the computer software, quickly and efficiently, with no risk of it being lost or damaged (as with physical prototypes). You can even share your saved files with your team or subcontractors so everyone is in the loop.
What is CAM?
The main difference between CAD and CAM is that one is design, the other is manufacture. Yes, CAM stands for Computer-Aided Manufacturing. Your CAD 3D model design is turned into a physical product or prototype by the use of software-controlled and automated machine tools. Essentially, CAM converts your CAD into reality. Without CAD, CAM has no purpose as there is no design to create.
CAM software is often used in conjunction with CNC machining. This stands for computer numerical control. It automates the translation of digital designs into detailed manufacturing instructions (often referred to as G-code).
This can control processes such as:
- Laser cutting
- Milling
- Routing
- Lathing
- Metal stamping
- Grinding
- Sheet metal fabrication
This all optimises the manufacturing process, reduces waste and improves efficiency, especially with vast production projects.
For more information on CNC you can read our other blog – What Is CNC Punching?
What is the difference between CAD and CAM?
So far we’ve covered the main difference between CAD and CAM – one is design and the other is manufacture. The latter cannot exist or perform without the former, so in essence, they are a unity and feed into each other. When this technology first launche,d it was not so much about the difference between them, but more about the difference in who operates them. Although both processes are computerised and automated to some degree, they both require human input.
A human must input the data and create the design to begin with, at the CAD stage. This was typically a skilled engineer with training in CAD programming software. The CAM side of things was usually handled by a skilled machinist. However, as time moves on and the majority of today’s training is conducted on computers, this difference is not as pronounced and the skillset crossover is more present. The expertise needed to run both CAD and CAM is now comparable. A lot of CAM machines even come with CAD programming already integrated.
This table shows some of the other subtle differences between CAD and CAM.
| CAD | CAM | |
| Definition | The use of computers to create, modify, analyse or optimise a design. | The use of computer software to control machinery and automate manufacturing processes. |
| Purpose | To produce accurate 2D drawings and 3D models of products or components. | To translate CAD designs into instructions for machines to manufacture physical parts. |
| Key tools required | A computer with CAD software. | A computer with CAM software. |
| Used by | Designers and engineers | Machinists and manufacturing technicians |
| Main advantage | Speeds up the design process and improves precision and design flexibility. | Automates production, reduces manual labour and improves manufacturing efficiency and consistency. |
| Typical outputs | Digital files including technical drawings and 3D models. | Machine instructions (G-code) for CNC machines and other manufacturing equipment. |
| Typical applications | 3D modelling, technical drafting, assembly drawings, simulation and animation | CNC machining, laser cutting, wood turning and metal spinning, |
| End goal | To define the geometry and structure of a product. | To fabricate a physical version of the product from the digital design. |
CAD and CAM: Better together
Although CAD and CAM are distinct tools, they work most effectively when used side by side. CAD software creates detailed digital models, which CAM software then uses to generate the G-code needed for manufacturing. This code turns virtual designs into real-world products.
Ideally, CAD and CAM systems integrate smoothly, with no data loss or compatibility issues. Using software that’s either designed to work together or already fully integrated can streamline production, reduce errors and boost efficiency from initial design through to final output.
Expert 2D and 3D CAD design services with Salamander
CAD design is a crucial early stage in almost every sheet metal project we deliver at Salamander Fabrications. It lays the groundwork for precise manufacturing and well-planned production. This is essential to producing high-quality and reliable components.
We use advanced 3D CAD software (SolidWorks) to bring designs to life, helping to identify potential issues early and ensure each part is fit for purpose. Our team of skilled CAD designers have the expertise to develop cost-effective solutions without compromising on quality, durability or appearance.
For more information or advice on your next project, please do not hesitate to contact us, email sales@salamanderfabs.com, or call 01484 843599.
If you liked this blog and would like some more information, have a read of What Are The Advantages of CAD?
